CHAPTER I: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
In business, an individual or group of individuals usually appoints the leader. The person appointed then becomes the manager of a division, department, unit, project or the whole organizations.
Regardless of the position, the role and implication is common. Leadership is therefore, a dynamic activity within a group where one person influences the action of others to willingly attribute towards achieving tasks and objectives set by the organization. It is also the ability to direct and influence a group towards achieving of goals (Rath, 2006).
The impact on productivity in most organization, adopt leadership style that does not encourage workers, and this leads to poor or low performance of employee. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of leadership on the productivity of procurement. Leadership style deals with leadership theory, leadership style and qualities of a good leader. Having seen the benefit of leadership to individuals, group and organization, the researcher is therefore prompted to carry a search in order to find out if there is any impact on leadership styles adopted on procurement staff productivity.
Recent study by Gallup organization suggest that close relationship of works can actually boost employees’ satisfaction and when employees have a friendship with their superiors, they are more than twice as likely to be engaged (Rath, 2006). Their findings also suggest that having a “best friend” at work can boost the level of job satisfaction as well as having significant correlations with fewer accidents, being more engaged with staff and increased creativity.
Leaders are made, not born, if you have the desire and will power, you can become an effective leader. Good leaders develop through a never ending process of self-study education, training and experience. Various leadership styles and their application on employees determined the performance of workers and their reaction. The study therefore undertakes review of different type of leadership styles otherwise known as management styles.
Leadership is as old as man, according to holy books, the concept of leadership started from the heaven and early animals, sea, land and vegetation. It is from here that the idea of leadership began through the ear of primitive administration of resources down to our contemporary system of administration.
Leadership plays a central role in offering direction and purpose towards achieving goals of the organization. It is important element in the social relationship of groups at work. This is the main factor that determines and shape group behaviour. When it is correctly applied, each employee enjoys a feeling of strong commitment towards achieving organization goals.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Leadership style is the problem of decision making as it concern procurement and productivity. It includes such problem as when a television is needed fast, which styles is preferred, when leaders need the full support of the team is there a better way to lead, leaders should be oriented or task oriented. These are examples in question and problems that leadership styles are emphasizing. When there is too much delegation on the part of leaders to the followers, there is likely to be mistakes in organizational objectives. Lack of managerial experience in ensuring that workers are motivated or absence of motivation contributes to the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of workers.
The democratic styles of leadership tend to give workers freewill is one hand acceptable. What happens if the workers overstep their boundary lack of communication between leaders and their subordinate causes a big problem for several organization as effective leadership is predicate on communication pattern of both their managers and their subjects manager’s failure to consider the prevailing situation when leading their subordinate make them to fail.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
To determine the style of leadership operational in the organization.
To identify the effect of the leadership style on the performance of procurement staff.
To examine the effect of leadership style to the productivity of the organization.
To determine the contribution of procurement staff to organizational productivity.
To identify the productivity improvement techniques used by the organization.
1.4 Significance of the Study
As a test of knowledge and guide, the study will help some future researchers, to carry out further research on the same problem student sill benefit from it because it will help to expand their scope of knowledge, not limiting them to what they were taught and read from textbooks only. It will be of benefit to the organization under study to improve on areas they are lacking in terms of leadership styles on the productivity of procurement staff which will help the organization to boost its productivity and achieve its goals and objectives.
The researcher will benefit from this study since it is a pre-requisite for the requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma (HND) in Purchasing and Supply Management in Kaduna Polytechnic in which without, the researcher cannot graduate.
1.5 Scope of the Study
This study focuses on the Impact of Leadership Styles on the Productivity of Procurement Staff, Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company located at Kachia Road, Kaduna located in Kachia, Chikun local government area, Kaduna. The research considered and covered the period 2008 to 2012. The focus of the research was the procurement and stores departments of the organization.
1.6 Research Questions
What style of leadership are the management staffs of the organization using in their daily administrative work?
What is the effect of the leadership style on the performance of procurement staff?
How does the leadership style affect the productivity of the organization?
Does the management of your organization alternate leadership styles?
What are the reasons for the change in leadership style?
1.7 Definition of Terms
Leadership: Leadership has been variously defined as the process of influencing the actions of others in order to achieve a set objective.
Democratic Leadership Styles: Under this leadership style, the leader embarks on a wide consultation in decision –making process. The leader seek the opinions and views of the subordinate in decision making process.
Autocratic Leadership Styles: Leaders that fall under this categories, take decision done with consultation. He did not seek the views or the opinion of the subordinate in decision making process.
Laissez faire Leadership Styles: Under this leadership styles, the leader relinquish his decision making authority to the subordinates and does not care whether instruction are carried out or not.
Productivity: Productivity is the output of any organization. Productivity is most influenced by the level of input.
Procurement: Procurement is the acquisition of goods, services or works from an external source. It is favourable that the goods, services or works are appropriate and that they are procured at the best possible cost to meet the needs of the purchaser in terms of quality and quantity, time and location.
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